The word "bushrangers" originally referred to runaway convicts in the early years of the British settlement of Australia who had the survival skills necessary to use the Australian bush as a refuge to hide from the authorities. Churchill wanted them diverted to Burma, but Curtin refused, and anxiously awaited their return to Australia. [385] The ANZUS security treaty, which had been signed in 1951, had its origins in Australia's and New Zealand's fears of a rearmed Japan. [198] The "Australian compact", based around centralised industrial arbitration, a degree of government assistance particularly for primary industries, and White Australia, was to continue for many years before gradually dissolving in the second half of the 20th century. [311] Defence spending in the inter-war years reflected this priority.
[13] This line was closed in 1994. Despite the growing calls for unification, loyalties to the British Empire remained strong. [307] The rising star's world beating cricketing exploits were to provide Australians with much needed joy through the emerging Great Depression in Australia and post-World War II recovery. [310] The 1938 British Empire Games were held in Sydney from 5–12 February, timed to coincide with Sydney's sesqui-centenary (150 years since the foundation of British settlement in Australia). Moratorium marches held across Australia in mid-1970 attracted large crowds- the Melbourne march of 100,000 being led by Labor MP Jim Cairns. The device and motto of the Great Seal of New South Wales, approved by King George III on 4 August 1790, are instructive of the ideas held by his ministerial advisers regarding the nature and prospects of the colony.
He said: "this world must present us with many things entirely new, as hitherto we have had little more knowledge of it, than if it had lain in another planet". The alliance involved was presumably, the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), and Australia was providing military assistance because South Vietnam, a signatory to SEATO, had apparently requested it. Although the peak of army enlistments occurred in June–July 1940, when over 70,000 enlisted, it was the Curtin Labor Government, formed in October 1941, that was largely responsible for "a complete revision of the whole Australian economic, domestic and industrial life". [1] Twenty-nine other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century and named the continent New Holland. January 1974 – Namoi flood area: $4 million property damage, $45 m roads and bridges.
The movements to end Australia's involvement gathered strength after the Tet Offensive of early 1968 and compulsory national service (selected by ballot) became increasingly unpopular. The majority were repeat offenders. Towns and districts such as Moree, Narrabri, Gunnedah, the city of Tamworth and Quirindi, are included in the New England region according to this basis. Clark considered that the three potential pre-European colonising powers and traders of East Asia—the Hindu-Buddhists of southern India, the Muslims of Northern India and the Chinese—each petered out in their southward advance and did not attempt a settlement across the straits separating Indonesia from Australia. The two traditional centres of New England are Tamworth and Armidale.
11–37v; translated in Robert J. Gerritsen, Rupert; Cramer, Max; Slee, Colin: Hiatt, Alfred; Wortham, Christopher; et al. "[320], Thus began Australia's involvement in the six-year global conflict. In an effort to isolate Australia, the Japanese planned a seaborne invasion of Port Moresby, in the Australian Territory of New Guinea. [237] The law permitted a dictation test in any European language to be used to in effect exclude non-"white" immigrants.
The colony of South Australia was settled in 1836, with its western and eastern boundaries set at 132° and 141° East of Greenwich, and to the north at latitude 26° South.
In 1831 Thomas Mitchell reached Wallamoul Station near Tamworth and explored to the Namoi River then followed it to Narrabri.
[275], The fledgling film industry declined through the decade, over 2 million Australians attending cinemas weekly at 1250 venues. Some bushrangers, most notably Ned Kelly in his Jerilderie Letter, and in his final raid on Glenrowan, explicitly represented themselves as political rebels. [312], Fearing Japanese intentions in the Pacific, Menzies established independent embassies in Tokyo and Washington to receive independent advice about developments. Curtin agreed to place Australian forces under the command of General MacArthur, who became "Supreme Commander of the South West Pacific". Snakes, lizards, jacky dragons (Amphibolurus muricatus) and goannas may also be encountered.
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