5 (2017), full-text archived in PubMed Central. Time-pressured conditions were categorized as those where participants were given little time to adequately process the volume of information they were given, or to complete complex tasks. 52–63; and J. Frank Yates and Shawn P. Curley, “Contingency Judgment: Primacy Effects and Attention Decrement,” Acta Psychologica, Vol. An aggregate journal impact factor of 1.0 implies that the articles in the subject category published in recent two years have been cited once on an average. 44 (1983), pp.
374–376; Irwin P. Levin, John R. Ims, John C. Simpson, and Kyung Ja Kim, “The Processing of Deviant Information in Prediction and Evaluation,” Memory and Cognition, Vol. Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, An enhanced opinion retrieval approach via implicit feature identification, A survey of Big Data dimensions vs Social Networks analysis, Using reinforcement learning with external rewards for open-domain natural language generation, Community detection in complex networks using network embedding and gravitational search algorithm. 1 (1973), pp. 15 (1970), pp. 54 Lord, Lepper, and Preston, “Considering the Opposite,” pp. What counts as confirmation bias or a serial position effect in one study may well have not been counted as such in another. 2 (1968), pp. 91–103. 283–287; Irwin P. Levin and Charles F. Schmidt, “Differential Influence of Information in an Impression-Formation Task with Binary Intermittent Responding,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol. 5 (1966), pp. 191–192; Norman H. Anderson, “Application of a Weighted Average Model to a Psychological Averaging Task,” Psychonomic Science, Vol.
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Benefits to … Articles published in JIIS include: research papers, invited papers, meeting, workshop and conference announcements and reports, survey and tutorial articles, and book reviews. However, these differences could be explained by the fact that the intelligence analysis sample was of a substantially smaller size than the non-intelligence analysis sample, making it much more vulnerable to the impact of individual differences. 161–165; Keith R. Strange, Mark Schwei, and Ralph E. Geiselman, “Effects of the Structure of Descriptions on Group Impression Formation,” Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, Vol. 509–512. Third is the requirement for participants to undergo a recall test after conducting analysis, where participants were informed that they would be tested before they began the analytical task (recall test [participants informed pre-information processing]). 41 Teresa Hayden and Walter Mischel, “Maintaining Trait Consistency in the Resolution of Behavioral Inconsistency: The Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing?,” Journal of Personality, Vol. 5 Brant A. Cheikes, Mark J. 64 (1989), pp.
Reliance on recall refers to conditions where participants rely on memory for information processing, and no reliance on recall refers to conditions where participants have access to all the information they receive and are not therefore reliant on memory for information processing. 16 The factor of time-pressure was split into two categories: time-pressure and no-time pressure. The journal impact factor extenuates the significance of absolute citation frequencies. 20–33; Ellen J. Langer and Robert P. Abelson, “A Patient by Any Other Name…: Clinical Group Differences in Labelling Bias,” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 69, No. 239–260. 109–132.
44 Rosenhan argues that type-two error is due to the greater risk of misdiagnosing illness than health. This process allowed the identification of the variables that were most likely to have a causal effect on serial position effects, and where genuine causal effects attributable to specific analytical conditions differed between the intelligence analysis and non-intelligence analysis samples. This special issue calls for recent new advances on intelligent systems and their applications to tackle high impact real-world scenarios for enhancing our society. 379–393; Asch, “Forming Impressions of Personality,” pp.
75 (1967), pp. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. 41 (1946), pp. The results of Carlson and Russo were included in both the serial position effects meta-analysis and the confirmation bias meta-analysis as they were consistent with both cognitive biases. As such, the category of estimation & evaluation was included. 165–196; Abraham S. Luchins and Edith H. Luchins, “Primacy and Recency Effects with Descriptions of Moral and Immoral Behavior,” The Journal of General Psychology, Vol. 379–391; Norman H. Anderson and Ann Jacobson, “Effects of Stimulus Inconsistency and Discounting Instructions in Personality Impression Formation,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. Bracketing is more likely to occur over no serial position effects in recall test (participants informed pre-information processing) conditions compared with the non-accountability condition.
Bracketing is more likely to occur over no serial position effects in a task that is reliant on recall compared with a task that is not reliant on recall. One-sample t-tests of proportions were used to identify if there were statistically significant majority results for the individual serial position effects of recency and primacy. A related limitation is that association does not necessarily indicate a statistical correlation or causation. A survey on data fusion: what for? 25 Cheikes et al., Confirmation Bias in Complex Analyses; and Whitesmith, “The Efficacy of ACH in Mitigating Serial Position Effects and Confirmation Bias in Intelligence Analysis.”, 26 Nicholas Jones, “Critical Epistemology for the Analysis of Competing Hypotheses,” Intelligence and National Security (2017). Experimental Research in Reducing the Risk of Cognitive Bias in Intelligence Analysis. 644–654; Joshua Klayman and Young-Won Ha, “Confirmation, Disconfirmation, and Information in Hypothesis Testing,” Psychological Review, Vol. Carlson and Russo, “The Effects of Information Order and Hypothesis Testing Strategies on Auditors’ Judgments,” pp.
195–211; Irwin P. Levin and Charles F. Schmidt, “Sequential Effects in Impression Formation with Binary Intermittent Responding,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol. 64 (1973), pp.
29, No.
84(2) (1970), pp. This may indicate that intelligence analysis is marginally less susceptible to serial position effects than non-intelligence analysis. l–55. The meta-analysis highlighted that there is no statistically significant difference between the proportion of participants that exhibited confirmation bias in the intelligence and the non-intelligence samples. 211–228; Charles Lord, Lee Ross, and Mark R. Lepper, “Biased Assimilation and Attitude Polarization: The Effect of Prior Theories on Subsequently Considered Evidence,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 538–544; Jane L. Butt and Terry L. Campbell, “The Effects of Information Order and Hypothesis Testing Strategies on Auditors’ Judgments,” Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 63–70; Abraham S. Luchins and Edith H. Luchins, “Conceptions of Personality and Order Effects in Forming Impressions,” The Journal of General Psychology, Vol. Simple tasks are those that involve small amounts of information, usually of a simple nature (such as single adjectives to describe personality traits), and do not require prior skill or specific knowledge. 73, No.
This strengthens the case for the validity of the results. 269–297. The opening date for submissions is May 1st, 2020. 13–23; Edward E. Jones, Leslie Rock, Kelly G. Shaver, George R. Goethals, and Lawrence M. Ward, “Pattern of Performance and Ability Attribution”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 573–577; Ellen J. Langer and Jane Roth, “Heads I Win, Tails It’s Chance: The Illusion of Control as a Function of the Sequence of Outcomes in a Purely Chance Task,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 424–425; Glen Foster, Carl Schmidt, and David Sabatino, “Teacher Expectancies and the Label ‘Learning Disabilities,’” Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. JIIS provides a forum wherein academics, researchers and practitioners may publish high-quality, original and state-of-the-art papers describing theoretical aspects, systems architectures, analysis and design tools and techniques, and implementation experiences in intelligent information systems. We use cookies to improve your website experience. 4 (1963), pp. 10, No.
Topics include foundations and principles of data, information, and knowledge models; methodologies for IIS analysis, design, implementation, validation, maintenance and evolution, and more. 43 (1979), pp. 29 Of the non-intelligence analysis sample, 86.8% of participants exhibited serial position effects. 380-405. 37, No. 280–283; James C. Shanteau, “An Additive Model for Sequential Decision Making,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol. 191–198; Philip E. Tetlock, “Accountability and the Perseverance of First Impressions,” Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 583–587; Norman Miller and Donald T. Campbell, “Recency and Primacy in Persuasion as a Function of the Timing of Speeches and Measurement,” Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, Vol. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. The short series of information condition was associated with a majority result of recency in the intelligence analysis sample. 33 The only similarity between the intelligence analysis sample and the non-intelligence sample was that the condition of a long series of information was associated with a statistically significant majority of participants exhibiting primacy. 8 A significant proportion of subsequent research into serial position effects has focused on the impact serial position effects have on short- and long-term memory. 1 (1981), pp.
91–100; Martin A. Tolcott, Freeman F. Marvin, and Paul E. Lehner, “Expert Decision-Making in Evolving Situations,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Vol. 2 (1961), pp.
Serial position effects are also referred to as information order bias, serial order effects, and order effects. 1 (2002), pp. 4 (1974), pp. Brown, Paul E. Lehner, and Leonard Adelman, Confirmation Bias in Complex Analyses, Mitre Technical Report MTR 04B0000017 (Bedford, MA: MITRE, Centre for Integrated Intelligence Systems, 2004), and Martha Whitesmith, “The Efficacy of ACH in Mitigating Serial Position Effects and Confirmation Bias in Intelligence Analysis,” Journal of Intelligence and National Security (October 2018). The odds of bracketing occurring over no serial position effects in a SbS(C) condition was 3.845 (95% CI, 2.540 to 5.850) times that of an EoS condition, a statistically significant effect, Wald = 40.175, p = < .001. This cloud-based manuscript and peer review tracking system will ensure an easy submission process. 143–149; David J. Weiss and Norman H. Anderson, “Subjective Averaging of Length with Serial Presentation,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol. 1 (1977), pp. 47 (1984), pp. 4 Amos Tversky, and Daniel Kahneman, “Judgement Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases,” Science, Vol. 185 (1974), pp. 2 (2001), pp.
33–61; Abraham S. Luchins, “Experimental Attempts to Minimize the Impact of First Impressions,” in The Order of Presentation in Persuasion, edited by Carl I. Hovland (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1957), pp.
The opening date for submissions is 1st September 2020.
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